| ` | grave ÀÈÌÒÙ |
| Alt ` | acute ÁĆÉÍĹŃÓŔŚÚÝŹ |
| ' | caron / apostrophe ligature Ľ |
| ^ | circumflex ÂÊÎÔÛŶ |
| Alt ^ | caron ǍČĚǏŇǑŘŠǓŽ |
| Alt 6 | |
| Ctrl ^ | breve ĂĔĞĬŎŬ |
| - | macron ĀĒĪŌŪȲ |
| ~ | tilde ÃĨÑÕŨ |
| . | diaeresis (2 dots above) ÄËÏÖÜŸ |
| Ctrl . | dot above ȦĖİŻ |
| % | ring above ÅŮ |
| Ctrl - | stroke ĦƵ |
| / | diagonal stroke ŁØ |
| , | cedilla/cedille/ogonek ĄÇĘŞ |
| Alt Insert | reversed (not schwa) Ǝ |
| Shift Ctrl Alt A…Z | ligatures: AE OE ÆŒ |
| Shift Ctrl Alt Enter | Greek: ΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙΚΛΜΝΞΟΠΡΣΤΥΦΧΨΩ ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX |
| ` | grave àèìòù |
| Alt ` | acute áćéíĺńóŕśúýź |
| ' | caron / apostrophe ligature ďľť |
| ^ | circumflex âêîôûŷ |
| Alt ^ | caron ǎčěǐňǒřšǔž |
| Alt 6 | |
| Ctrl ^ | breve ăĕğĭŏŭ |
| - | macron āēīōūȳ |
| ~ | tilde ãĩñõũ |
| . | diaeresis (2 dots above) äëïöüÿ |
| Ctrl . | (no)dot above ȧėıż |
| % | ring above åůẙ |
| Ctrl - | stroke ħƶ |
| / | diagonal stroke łø |
| , | cedilla/cedille/ogonek ąçęş |
| Ctrl Alt a…z | ligatures: ae oe sz æœß |
| Crtl Insert | turned (not schwa) ɐǝ |
| Alt Insert | reversed ɘ |
| Ctrl Alt Enter | Greek: αβγδεζηθικλμνξοπρστυφχψω abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwx |
| Shift Ctrl Alt Enter | Greek: first-key r is ς |
| KEY | Ctrl | Shift Ctrl | Shift Ctrl Alt | Ctrl Alt | Alt | Shift Alt |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 ! | ●filled circle | ¡ | ◌dotted empty circle | ○empty circle | ¹ | ‼ |
| 2 @ | © | ® | ℗ | ™ | ² | ½ |
| 3 # | ¾ | № | ⅜ | ⅔ | ³ | ⅓ |
| 4 $ | € | £ | ¥ | ¢ | ¤ | ¼ |
| 5 % | °degrees | ‰ | ⅝ | ◦empty bullet | •filled bullet | ℅ |
| 6 ^ | ☺ | ☻ | ♦ | ♣ | ♥ | ♠ |
| 7 && | ♪ | ♫ | ⅞ | ▫empty square bullet | ▪filled square bullet | ♯musical sharp |
| 8 * | ×mathematical multiplication sign | ☼ | ∏n-Ary product | ☆ | ۞eight-point-star: Arabic start of Rub El Hizb | ⅛ |
| 9 ( | ƒ(Fahrenheit)(Function) script f with hook | ℓ(length) | ᴄLatin small capital “C” (Centigrade) | ᶜmodifier letter small “c” (Celsius) | µmicro | ﴾ornate left parenthesis |
| 0 )∅ empty set ∅ | N/A | Ωohms | Ølatin capital O with stroke | ﴿ornate right parenthesis | ||
| , << | ↔left-right arrow⇔ horizontal double arrow ⇔ | ‹single left angle quotation mark | «double left angle quotation mark | ‛high-reversed-9 quotation mark | ‚low-9 quotation mark | ≤mathematical less-than or equal-to |
| . >> | …ellipsis | ›single right angle quotation mark | »double right angle quotation mark | ¨diaeresis | ·middle dot | ≥mathematical greater-than or equal-to |
| / ? | ∕division slash | ¿ | ∩intersection | ⁄fraction slash | ÷ | √ |
| = +≅ ≅ | ≈ | ± | ∑n-Ary summation | ≠ | ≡ | ∂partial differential |
| - _­ soft-hyphen | −mathematical minus sign | ¯macron | ⸗double oblique hyphen | —em dash&emdash; | –en dash&endash; | ‗double low line |
| ` ~ | ´acute (reverse) accent mark | § | ‴triple-prime mark (seconds) | ″double-prime mark (minutes) (inches) | ′prime mark (hours) (feet) | ∞ |
| [ { | ‘single left quote | “double left quote | ‟double high-reversed-9 quotation mark | ♂male | ¬“not” sign | ⌠top half integral |
| ] } | ’single right quote | ”double right quote | „double low-9 quotation mark | ♀female | ⌐reversed “not” sign | ⌡bottom half integral |
| \ | | ¦ | ¶ | ‖ | † | ‡ | ∫integral |
| ; : | ◊ | ∆ | ℮estimated symbol | see HTML table | ⁞ | ⁿ |
| ' "' " | π Greek small pi | ΠGreek capital Pi | ˁreversed glottal stop | ˀglottal stop | φ Greek small phi | Φ Greek capital Phi |
| ←⇐ left double arrow ⇐ | ← | N/A | go back one fileleft with scroll | |||
| →⇒ right double arrow ⇒ | → | N/A | go forward one fileright with scroll | |||
| ↑⇑ up double arrow ⇑ | scroll up | ↕up-down arrow | ↑ | N/A | up with scroll | |
| ↓⇓ down double arrow ⇓ | scroll down | ↨up-down arrow with baseline | ↓ | N/A | down with scroll | |
| Home | ◄filled left arrow | ˂empty left arrow | scroll left | |||
| End | ►filled right arrow | ˃empty right arrow | scroll right | |||
| PgUp | ▲filled up arrow | ˄empty up arrow | scroll up | |||
| PgDn | ▼filled down arrow | ˅empty down arrow | scroll down | |||
| A … Z | see uppercase table | see lowercase table | ||||
| KEY | Ctrl | Shift Ctrl | Shift Ctrl Alt | Ctrl Alt | Alt | Shift Alt |
| & | & |
| < | < |
| > | > |
| ' | ' |
| " | " |
| - | ­ soft-hyphen |
| Alt - | &endash; |
| Ctrl Alt - | &emdash; |
| Space | |
| Ctrl Space |   |
| Crtl Alt Space |   |
| Crtl < | ⇔ horizontal double arrow ⇔ |
| ← | ⇐ left double arrow ⇐ |
| → | ⇒ right double arrow ⇒ |
| ↑ | ⇑ up double arrow ⇑ |
| ↓ | ⇓ down double arrow ⇓ |
| Shift Crtl Alt Enter | ↵ carriage return arrow ↵ |
| Enter | <br> with carriage return |
| Shift Enter | <br /> with carriage return |
| 0 | ∅ empty set ∅ |
| = | ≅ congruent / approximately equal ≅ |
To gain access to the Shift+Alt+ and the Shift+Ctrl+Alt+ and the Shift+Ctrl+Alt+ “non-generating keystroked” characters, you can use a double-keystroke process. First press Shift+Alt+Insert or Shift+Ctrl+Alt+Insert (accordingly–see the table), then press the corresponding key either with or without +Shift based on whether the extended character to be generated “intellectually” relates/corresponds with the unshifted or shifted character on the corresponding key. Therefore, to access the double-exclamation mark ‼ press Shift+Alt+Insert, Shift+1 ! and to access the dotted empty circle ◌ press Shift+Ctrl+Alt+Insert, 1 ! (both the circle and the number 1 “intellectually” represent a “single complete whole”). If there is no notable “intellectual” relation or correspondence between the extended character and either of the characters on the “physically” corresponding key, then the second keystroke should not include Shift.
All extended alphabetical characters require two keystrokes. The first keystroke is
Ctrl+Alt+ with the corresponding letter key for lowercase characters, and
Shift+Ctrl+Alt+ with the corresponding letter for uppercase.
The second keystroke represents the modification to the basic character that you desire.
So in example:
for ä [lowercase a with ¨diaeresis (two dots above)], type:
Ctrl+Alt+a, . >;
for à [lowercase a with `grave accent mark], type:
Ctrl+Alt+a, ` ~;
for á [lowercase a with ′acute accent mark], type:
Ctrl+Alt+a, Alt+` ~;
for à [uppercase A with ~tilde] type:
Shift+Ctrl+Alt+A, Shift+` ~.
Note since that the Shift+Alt+6 ^
keystroke will not generate, ignore the Shift key for this second keystroke;
so instead, for ǎ [lowercase a with caron, others are similar] simply type:
Ctrl+Alt+a, Alt+6 ^.